1-Study Program:

Students enrolled in the Associate Degree in Laboratory Institute (LI) must successfully complete the following (79 credit hours) during four regular semesters.

2-Courses:

In the following table, the names of the courses, their credit hours, the type of prerequisites, the nature of those prerequisites, and their previous requirements are listed:

3-Courses Descriptions:

1. English Language 1 (Writing and Expression Skills): This course is designed to prepare students for writing in English, with a focus on reading and writing as integrated and interrelated skills. Students will study and practice reading comprehension, the writing process, and critical thinking. They will develop the necessary skills to create clear and accurate sentences while refining their abilities to write a variety of well-structured, advanced, and organized paragraphs and/or short essays. Students will be responsible for composing several practical paragraphs/essays throughout the course. The course may include proficiency tests in sections or portfolio assessment.
2. Islamic Culture: This course aims to introduce students to the sources of Islamic legislation, the characteristics of Islamic legislation, Islamic systems, the family system, the judicial system, the governance system, the economic system, the characteristics of Islamic economic legislation, the nature of Islamic education, the objectives of Islamic education, its characteristics, religious activities, general educational principles in Islamic education, principles of teaching Islamic education, rules of recitation (Tajweed), and steps for teaching branches of Islamic education.
3. Arabic Language: This course aims to introduce students to verb forms and types, the subject, the subject complement, the sentence structure, question particles, vocative particles, conditional particles (affirmative and negative), the oath, conjunctions and their relatives, prohibited forms, numbers and their writing, and common errors in Arabic language usage.
4. Human Civilization: This course aims to familiarize students with the concept and importance of civilization, ancient civilizations, Islamic civilization, modern European civilization, the factors behind their rise, and the achievements of these civilizations in various political, economic, social, and scientific fields. It also examines the peoples of these civilizations and patterns of human behavior in each civilization.
5. General Anatomy: This course covers basic information about the various systems of the human body in terms of structure and function. It includes the study of cell structure, body fluids, the nervous system, the digestive system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the urinary system, the reproductive system, the muscular system, the skeletal system, and metabolic processes. Additionally, it introduces medical terminology related to each system and connects the basic anatomy knowledge to clinical anatomy.
6. General Organ Physiology: In this course, students will study organ functions, cell physiology, blood physiology, proteins, blood composition, blood groups, blood preservation, heart physiology, circulatory physiology, electrocardiography, arterial blood pressure, lymphatic system, and renal physiology.
7. Fundamentals of Nursing: This course aims to introduce students to the basic information about the nursing profession and the role of the nurse in the field. It also explains the concept of nursing as an art and science, using nursing theories and biological and social sciences to assess and meet individuals’ basic needs, as well as identifying the factors that require nursing intervention in terms of health and disease.
8. Biology (Cell Biology): This course focuses on studying fundamental aspects of cell biology, including the chemical composition of cells, organic and inorganic compounds, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other compounds. It also covers methods for studying cells and the structure of plant cells, the cell wall, protoplasm, and vacuoles, as well as cell division and plant tissues.
9. General Chemistry: this course covers Atomic Theory and Atomic Structure, Linear Spectra of Hydrogen.The Periodic Table and Periodic Properties of Elements, Chemical Bonds, Molecular Geometry and Molecular Orbitals. Chemical Equilibrium. Concentration Units. Electrolytes. pH Calculation of Homogeneous Solutions. Solubility Products. Gas Equilibrium. Solutions Pressure. Oxidation and Reduction. Solubility Product (SP).

10. Computer Skills: This course aims to discuss basic information related to computer usage in education and the utilization of educational computer capabilities. It covers dealing with basic MS Office applications, handling digital images, and editing them using computer applications.
11. Biostatistics: This course introduces students to the role of statistics in the medical field, common statistical terminology for using types of variables (data types), introduction to SPSS software, probabilities and common discrete probability distributions,  measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion. The normal distribution and other continuous distributions, statistical data presentation, estimation, and hypothesis testing, probability, bias, and confounding, Fisher’s test and Chi-squared test, Basic health indicators used in medical statistics, rate comparison, and an introduction to biomedical studies. Designing health research, prospective cohort studies, case-control studies, case reports, cross-sectional studies and Ethics in medical research, experimental studies.

12. English Language 2 (Speaking Skills): This course includes conversations, discussions, and presentations on a wide range of concrete, abstract, and specialized topics. It is designed to enhance speaking and listening skills in non-native English speakers, focusing on pronunciation, intonation, rhythm, and American English tonal patterns. Emphasis is placed on oral communication, aural comprehension, and vocabulary development. Students build their skills through intensive instruction and practice.
13. Medical Physics: This course includes temperature and temperature measurement scales, Heat exchange. Mechanics of liquid , Mechanics of moving fluids, Fluid distribution and transport phenomena in the body. Membrane transport and an introduction to the electrical properties of organs, Electrical activity of the heart, Light and its applications, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Lasers and X-rays.

14. Fundamentals of Medicine and Surgery: This course covers the principles of medicine, surgery, and various topics such as pain management, closed chest drainage, chest tube insertion and removal, rib fractures, pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, head injuries, wound care, injection techniques, central venous catheterization, patient assessment (clinical examination, history, and device examination), nutrition and surgical patients (nutritional status assessment, parenteral nutrition, tube feeding), patient preparation for surgery, blood transfusion, hemorrhage and intravenous fluids, wounds and suturing, sterilization and disinfection, investigations of the genitourinary system, kidney injuries, bladder injuries, burns and their management, and the science of wounds.
15. Medical Terminology: This course introduces the basics of medical terminology by explaining the fundamental elements that make up medical terms and how these elements are combined to form medical terminology. It also provides a comprehensive structural and functional overview of the human body, including its various organ systems.
16. Turkish Language for Non-Specialists: This course aims to introduce students to the Turkish language, starting with reading and pronouncing Turkish letters and the grammatical and spelling rules related to this language. It then progresses to listening to and comprehending simplified Turkish texts, developing reading skills, understanding and comprehending simple texts related to daily activities, and eventually engaging in conversations in Turkish and conducting dialogues among students to help them gain a comprehensive understanding of the language.
17. Self-Management and Psychology: In this course, students learn how to benefit from acquiring skills in their personal and public lives. It covers different characteristics that make students ready and prepared for learning at different life stages. It aims to improve students’ psychological and social well-being, as well as the development of their personal qualities, such as communication and collaboration with others.
18. Ethics of the Medical Profession and Its Laws: This course aims to provide students with the necessary knowledge and situations that enable them to provide quality nursing care, ethical principles, and the use of appropriate ethics in decision-making to solve problems in an ethical manner.
19. Communication Skills: This course aims to introduce students to communication, its types, and levels. It describes the concept of self-awareness and empowers students to understand themselves better. Throughout this course, students study the foundations, principles, and theories of communication, as well as the factors that influence effective communication. It also focuses on individual interaction within a group and individual interaction with the environment.
20. General Pharmacology: In this course, students learn about general pharmacology, including its definition, classification, applications, importance, main sources of drugs, therapeutic uses, modifying factors for drug effects, drug hypersensitivity, pharmacogenetics, drug tolerance, bioavailability of drugs, excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, drug interactions, and competitive and non-competitive (chemical and physiological) drug antagonism.
21. Hematology 1 (Normal): This course covers complete blood count, where students learn to perform routine blood tests that are essential for diagnosing diseases. They learn how to draw a blood sample from the target individual and conduct tests on components such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. They also learn how to produce necessary reports.
22. Hematology 2 (Pathological): This course includes: Formation of blood and immune elements. Anemia (iron deficiency, aplastic, hemolytic, megaloblastic, intravascular hemolysis, and non-sickle cell. Disorders of white blood cells. Leukemia. Myeloproliferative disorders. Multiple myeloma.
    1. Hemostatic disorders (platelet disorders – HIT, DIC, HUS, TTP, ITP – vascular disorders – coagulation factor disorders). Blood transfusion. Blood derivatives.

23. Hematology 3 (Thrombosis and General Immunology): This course covers blood clotting disorders, their causes, risk factors, complications, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as prevention of clots. It also covers immunology, its types, factors affecting it, and mechanisms.
24. Hematology 4 (Serology and Blood Banking): This course covers serums, their concentration measurements, and their role in immunotherapy. It also covers blood banking, including blood collection, processing, storage, and management. Topics include long-term platelet storage, alternative practices, and inventory management.
25. Bacteriology and Mycology: This course specializes in studying Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, classifying bacterial groups, and identifying internal germs. It also covers the study of bacterial nutrition, acinomycetes, which are the link between bacteria and fungi, and the similarities between the two types.
26. Parasitology and Virology: This course includes: General parasitology. Protozoa (introduction, flagellates, ciliates, amoebae, sporozoa). Helminths (introduction, nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, canthocephalans). Arthropods (introduction, insects, arachnids, crustaceans, pentastomids). Fungi (introduction, superficial fungi, subcutaneous fungi, deep-seated fungi).

27. General Analytical Chemistry: In this course, students learn statistical methods for processing analytical data and error calculations. They also master the concepts of concentrations, units of expression, and conversion between them. Students should have a good understanding of the theoretical foundations of various traditional weight-based analytical methods and the theoretical foundations of volumetric analysis methods, classifying them according to the types of chemical reactions used in volumetric analysis (neutralization, precipitation, complex formation, oxidation-reduction). They should also be able to derive calibration curves and choose the appropriate indicator for the endpoint of titration. The course includes practical application of traditional analytical methods in the pharmaceutical field, especially in qualitative control of pharmaceutical preparations.
28. General Biochemistry: This course covers water, minerals, proteins, enzymes, bioenergetics, oxidation-reduction reactions, carbohydrates and their metabolism, lipids and their metabolism, and protein and amino acid metabolism.
29. Clinical Biochemistry 1: This course provides a detailed study of chemical structures and major biochemical functions. It includes preliminary identification of biological components in the laboratory.
30. Clinical Biochemistry 2: This course covers the major biochemical functions of key biochemical molecules, including sugars, proteins, lipids and their components, enzymes, hormones of various types, and their effects within the body. The laboratory work involves quantitative and qualitative detection methods for these molecules.
31. Clinical Clerkship 1: In this course, students undergo clinical training to acquire all clinical skills within the laboratory specialty in hospitals and medical centers.
32. Clinical Clerkship 2: In this course, students continue their clinical training in the nursing specialization within hospitals and medical centers.
33. Food Chemistry and Control: This course covers the natural, chemical, and functional properties of water, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in food. It also explores the role of enzymes and food additives, as well as the chemical changes and interactions that occur among food components during production and distribution. The course also addresses the natural and chemical properties and stability of vitamins and pigments. Additionally, it covers various chemical reactions in food, such as different structural reactions and oxidation reactions.
34. Immunology: This course includes: Principles of immunology. Antibodies and complement. Innate immunity. Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases. Organ transplantation. Blood groups. Human white blood cell antigens. Tolerance and vaccines. Immunological diagnostic techniques. Immunity and tumors. Immune mechanisms against infections. Immunity and viral infections. Immunity against bacterial diseases. Immunodeficiency diseases.

35. Infection Control in Healthcare Facilities: This course introduces types of infections that can occur within medical facilities, their impact on humans, and methods for prevention to limit their spread.
36. Public Health: In this course, students study the concept and objectives of public health, public health activities, epidemiology (disease-causing factors, causes, and the environment), health and the environment, influenza, food health supervision, solid and liquid waste, smoking, health education, primary healthcare, vital statistics, maternal and child care, and family planning.
37. Healthy Nutrition: The course covers the chemistry of essential substances for the human body, such as vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and water, and their effects on the human body. It also discusses essential nutrients in normal and different pathological conditions and emphasizes the importance of proper nutrition for maintaining individual health.
38. Child and Family Health: This course aims to provide students with knowledge about improving the health of women, children, and families through meeting the community’s needs based on scientific and specialized research foundations.
39. Laboratory Medical Devices and Maintenance: This course covers the identification of devices found in medical laboratories, their types, specializations, proper usage, handling, laboratory management, methods for inspecting and maintaining these devices, and monitoring and controlling quality standards.
40. General Histology: In this course, students learn about the definition of histology and its relationship with basic medical sciences. It covers the basic components of the human body, cell structure, cellular life phenomena, cell differentiation, major tissues in the body, embryonic tissue formation, surface tissue, glands, supporting and nutritive tissues, muscle tissue, cardiac muscle, and nervous tissue.
41. First Aid: This course provides an opportunity to study emergency situations that individuals may encounter in various settings, such as at home, work, or public places. It teaches the correct scientific principles for providing first aid and how to respond during emergencies, including cases of bleeding, fractures, wounds, choking, fainting, burns, and emergency childbirth, among others.
42. Organic Chemistry: Topics covered in this course include the nature of chemical bonds in organic compounds, saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes), alkenes (olefins), alkynes, aromatic compounds, the chemistry of aromatic compounds, alcohols and phenols, ethers and epoxides, organic halides, photochemistry, and aldehydes.
43. General Pathology: This course covers the various terms and concepts in pathology, including the types of pathogens, symptoms, and pathological signs. It explores how diseases occur at the cellular level, the reactions of cells to different influences, and the resulting inflammation, tumors, and pathological outcomes, as well as the effects of healing or cell death.
44. Hematology and Laboratory Analyses: In this course, students are introduced to the science of blood, its composition, red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, platelets, bone marrow, and the lymphatic system.